Blog
Add SPDY support to your Apache server with mod_spdy
Tuesday, April 17, 2012
Bryan
Matthew
By Matthew Steele and Bryan McQuade,
PageSpeed Insights Team
At Google, we strive to make the whole web fast. Our work in this area includes
PageSpeed
,
Google Chrome
, and the
SPDY protocol
, among other efforts. In December of 2011, to make it easy for you to enable the SPDY (pronounced "SPeeDY") protocol on your sites, we released an early beta of mod_spdy, an Apache module that adds SPDY support to the Apache HTTPD server. We’ve spent the last few months working with our early adopters to fix bugs and tune performance of the module. Today, we’re launching a version of mod_spdy that we encourage you to try on your web server.
Installing mod_spdy
To install mod_spdy on your Apache 2.2 server, simply download the appropriate
mod_spdy Debian or RPM package
for your platform, or
compile from source
. Once installed, your Apache server will begin using SPDY to communicate with SPDY-compatible browsers (e.g. Google Chrome, Android, and recent versions of Firefox). SPDY runs over HTTPS, so any HTTP (non-HTTPS) traffic on your site will not be affected by mod_spdy. Further, since SPDY requires server-side support for the NPN TLS HTTPS extension, which is not available in most current Apache environments, a version of mod_ssl with NPN support is included with the mod_spdy packages.
Enabling SPDY for your site improves performance in several ways:
The server and browser can compress HTTP headers, saving bytes on the network.
Multiple resource requests can be multiplexed over a single TCP connection, saving connections on the network.
The browser can request all page resources at once instead of a few at a time, which reduces the number of network round-trips needed between server and client.
We've tested mod_spdy using locally-mirrored pages from popular websites, and have seen significant speedups compared to serving via plain HTTPS – comparable to the gains that Google’s own servers achieve by using SPDY – with no extra configuration and negligible effect on Apache’s CPU and memory usage. In extreme cases, for example, pages with many small resources, we’ve seen mod_spdy reduce load times by more than 50%.
How mod_spdy works in Apache
Implementing SPDY in Apache posed several interesting challenges. For example, multiplexing is an important performance feature of SPDY which allows for multiple requests in a single SPDY session to be processed concurrently, and their responses interleaved down the wire. However, due to the serialized nature of the HTTP/1.1 protocol, the Apache HTTP server provides a one-request-per-connection architecture. Apache’s connection and request processing normally happens in a single thread, like so:
This works well for HTTP, but it presents a problem for multiplexed protocols like SPDY because in this flow, each connection can only process one request at a time. Once Apache starts processing a request, control is transferred to the request handler and does not return to the connection handler until the request is complete.
To allow for SPDY multiplexing, mod_spdy separates connection processing and request processing into different threads. The connection thread is responsible for decoding SPDY frames and dispatching new SPDY requests to the mod_spdy request thread pool. Each request thread can process a different HTTP request concurrently. The diagram below shows the high-level architecture.
Happily, all this is almost completely invisible to users and server administrators alike--you can continue to use your existing Apache modules and configurations.
Download mod_spdy
for your platform and give it a try, and let us know what you think on our
mailing list
. mod_spdy is an
open-source project
and we welcome contributions. We are continuing to add new features, tune performance, and improve support for up-and-coming versions of the SPDY protocol.
Matthew Steele and Bryan McQuade are Software Engineers on the Google PageSpeed Insights Team in Cambridge, MA. When not working on mod_spdy, they focus on developing tools to help site owners understand how to speed up their sites.
Posted by
Scott Knaster
, Editor
Labels
#freeandopen
#GooglePlay #AndroidDevStory #PlayStore #DeveloperConsole #StoreListingExperiments
#io12
#io13
#io14
#io15
#io16
#io17
#io2012
#io2013
#io2014
+1
20% project
3d
about.com
accelerator
accessibility
actions
actions on google
Administrative APIs
AdMob
adobe
Ads
adsense
advogato
AdWords
africa
agpl
AI
AIY
AIY Projects
AIYProjects
ajax
ajax apis
ajax search
ajax search books news apis
all for good
amarok
AMP
AMP Cache
analytics
android
Android Studio
Android Things
android wear
Announcement
apache
api
apis
apis console
apis explorer
apis. charts
app engine
app indexing
app indexing api
App Invites
apple
apps
apps script
area 120
Artificial Intelligence
asia
assistant
atom publishing protocol
Auth
authentication
authsub
awards
axsjax
barcodes
beacon
beacons
bespin
best practices
bigquery
Blockly
blogger
book search
books API
bootcamp
british english
Brotli
browser
building ajax apps
business
buzz
c++
Cache
caja
caldav
calendar
camino
campfire one
caption
cardboard
CardDAV
cast
Certification
channel
chinese
chrome
chrome apps
chrome dev summit
chrome devtools
chrome experiment
chrome extensions
chrome os
chrome web store
chromecast
chromium
chronoscope
cifs
classes
classroom api
client libraries
closure tools
cloud
cloud datastore
cloud functions for firebase
cloud platform
cloud portability
cloud services
cloud sql
cloud storage
cms
CocoaPods
code for educators
code jam
code review
code-in
codeedu
codelabs
coffee with a googler
collada
color
commerce
community
competition
compression
compressorhead
computing heritage
conferences
contacts api
contest
contextual gadgets
conversations
couchdb
countdown to I/O 2012
courses
Crash Reporting
creative commons
cricket
crisis response
cryptography
css
css3
custom search
custom search api
danish linux forum
dart
Data Compression
datastore
design
devart
develop
developer
developer expert
Developer Keynote
developers
developers. meetup
devfest
devfest developer chrome maps social wave apps
DFP
discovery service
diversity
django
dns
docs
documentation
documents list api
dojo
doodles
dot net
doubleclick
dreamweaver
Drive
drupal
earn
earth
eclipse
eclipsecon
eddystone
education
email
EMEA
enterprise
Europe
event
events
evolution
execution api
extensions
Fabric
faster web
featured
feeds
finance
Firebase
Firebase Analytics
Firebase Cloud Messaging
Firebase Dynamic Links
firebug
firefox
firevox
fitness
flutter
font api
fosdem
freebsd
freenet
Fridaygram
fusion tables
G Suite
gadgets
Game Developers Conference
games
gcc
gci
GCP
GDA
gdata
GDC17
GDD
gdd07
gdd08
gdd09
GDD11
GDE
gdg
gdl
gdl weekly
gears
geo
geolocation
geoserver
getpaid
ghop
git
github
gmail
Gmail APIs
gnome
gnome women's summer outreach program
Go
goo.gl
Google
Google APIs
google apps
google apps api
google apps for your domain
google apps marketplace
google assistant
google assistant sdk
google buzz
google cast
google chart api
google checkout
google chrome
Google Cloud Messaging
Google Cloud Platform
google cloud storage
google code
google code project hosting
google code search
google code university
google compute engine
google data apis
google data protocol
google developer day
google developer days
google developers
Google Developers Academy
Google Developers Live
Google Developers site
Google Developers University Consortium
google docs
Google Docs API
google doctype
Google Drive
Google Drive SDK
google earth
google fit
Google Fonts
google friend connect
google gadgets
google gears
google grants
google health
Google I/O
Google Identity Platform
google io
google mashup editor
Google Noto fonts
Google Play
google play services
Google Science Fair
Google sheets
Google Sheets API
Google Slides
Google Slides API
Google Spreadsheets API
google storage
google summer of code
Google tech talk
google technoloy user groups
google tv
google visualization api
google wallet
Google Wave
google web elements
google web toolkit
google.org
google+
googlecast
googleio
googlenew
GooglePlay
googlewebelements googleio
GPE
GPT
green linux
grow
gsoc
GSuite
gtags
gtug
guest post
guice
gulp
GWSOP
gwt
gzip
hackathon
hacking
hackthon
hamilton
hangouts
haproxy
hg
hibernate
howto
hpux
html
html5
I/O
I/O 17
I/O 2017
I/O Extended
I/O Live
ical
identity
ietf
ignite
igoogle
iguanas
iiw
Image Compression
image search
Imara
in-app payments
incubator
India
indie
internationalization
internet explorer
internet of things
interviews
IO17
IO2017
ios
iOS SDK
IoT
ipad
iphone
israel
Issue Tracker
jaiku
japanese
java
javascript
jetpack
joomla
joomladayus2007
joomladayusa
karaoke
KDE
KDE 4.0
kernel
kernel summit
keynote
khronos
kids
kids coding team
kml
korean
Krakow
labs
lanchpad
languages
latitude
launch
launchpad
launchpad studio
lca
Leadership
lessons
licenses
linux
linux foundation
linux summit
linux virtual server
linuxconf eu
localization
LoCo
london
mac
MacFuse
machine learning
Makers
malware
maps
maps apis
Marketplace
material
material components
material design
MDL
meetup
mercurial
MIT CSAIL
mobile
mobile sites
mobile speed
mobile UX
mod_pagespeed
Moderator
monetize
MOOC
mozilla
mylar
myspace
MySQL
mythtv
named
narratives
native ads
native client
nearby
netbsd
non-profit
nonsense
nosql
notifications
Noto Serif CJK
nss
O3D
oauth
OAuth playground
OAuth2
objective-c
OCaml
ocr
ODF
office hours
oha
OOXML
open data
open source
open source blog
open web
openajax alliance
opengl
openid
opensocial
openssh
openssl
oreilly
orkut
oscon
oscon2007
osi
oss devs
ossjam
osx
pactester
page speed
PageSpeed
palette
payments
performance
phone
photos
picasa
picasa web
places API
play services
playground
plone
plone sprint
podcast
polymer
Polymer Summit
portugal
posix
PowerMeter API
prediction api
preview
prizes
programming
Progressive Web App
project hosting
Project Loon
Project Tango
proximity
pubsubhubbub
PWA
py3k
python
python sprint
rails
random hacks of kindness
Rasberry Pi
reader
Remote Config
research
result snippets
Rewarded Ads
Rewarded Video Ads
rhino
Saatchi
salesforce
samba
sandbox
Santa Tracker
scalability
scholarship
Scratch
screencast
sdk
sdks
search
security
serif
service worker
sessions
Sheets API
shindig
shopping
Shoreline Amphitheatre
showcase
sidewiki
sign-in
silverstripe
sitemaps
sites api
sixapart
sketchup
Slides API
Smart Lock for Passwords
soap search api
soc
social
social graph
solaris
souders
spa2007
spdy
speakers
speed
speed tracer
standards
startup
startups
storage
Street View
student programs
students
stuff
subscribed links
subversion
summer of code
Sundar Pichai
SVG
sxsw
syndication
tasks API
Team Drives (new)
techmakers
templates
TensorFlow
TensorFlow Research Cloud
Test Lab
testing
themes
tool
tools
topp
training
tranparency
transit
translate
translation
tutorials
tv
ubiquitous computing
ubiquity
ubucon
ubuntu
Udacity
UI
unicode
unit test
Unity
Universal App Campaigns
unix
URLs
video
videos
Vim
virtual keyboard
virtual reality
visualization
VR
wattpad
Wearables
Weave
web animations api
web apps
web components
web designer
web exponents
web fonts
web performance
web platform docs
webfonts
webgl
webmaster
WebP
website optimizer
weekly roundup
WhiteHouse.gov
Who's at Google I/O
win
windows
windows programming
Winter of Code
Women Tech Makers
women techmakers
wtm
xauth
yahoo
youtube
zlib
zurich
ZXing
Archive
2017
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2016
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2015
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
2014
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2013
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2012
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2011
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2010
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2009
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2008
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2007
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2006
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Feb
Jan
2005
Dec
Nov
Oct
Sep
Aug
Jul
Jun
May
Apr
Mar
Subscribe
Google
on
Follow @googledevs
Visit
Google Developers
for docs, event info, and more.
